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41.
42.
Spray mixtures consisting of the plant activator BABA (DL-3-aminobutyric acid) and the protectant fungicide mancozeb were
significantly more effective than BABA or mancozeb alone in controlling late blight (Phytophthora infestans) in potato and tomato and downy mildew (Pseudoperonospora cubensis) in cucumber. A mixture composed of 5 parts BABA and 1 part mancozeb (w/w, a.i.) exhibited a higher synergy factor than the
1+1 or the 1+5 (BABA + mancozeb) mixtures. No synergistic interaction was detected between BABA plus mancozeb in controlling
sporangial or cystospore germination, nor mycelial growth ofP. infestans in vitro. The results showed enhanced effect of mancozeb in BABA-induced plants, suggesting, therefore, that lower dosages of this
fungicide may be sufficient to control late blight or downy mildew under field conditions.
http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting July 15, 2003. 相似文献
43.
随着近年分子生物学技术的发展与应用,植物霜霉病抗性的研究有了长足的进展。本文就拟南芥抗霜霉病基因的克隆与结构分析,抗病信号传导,防卫反应和系统获得抗性,以及寄主一寄生菌共进化冲突方面进行了综述,并就今后的研究进行了展望。 相似文献
44.
Mamoru Satou Kazufumi Nishi Masaharu Kubota Michiko Fukami Hideaki Tsuji Kees van Ettekoven 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2006,72(3):193-194
The races for the causal agent of spinach downy mildew Peronospora farinosa f. sp. spinaciae were identified by inoculation of race-differential cultivars. One isolate was identified as Pfs:5s and the others belonged
to a new race. This is the first report of race Pfs:5 and another new race in Japan. 相似文献
45.
Otmar Spring Mark Bachofer Marco Thines Alexandra Riethmüller Markus Göker Franz Oberwinkler 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2006,114(3):309-315
Sequence parts of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of nuclear ribosomal DNA were analysed to screen for the intraspecific
variability of a non-coding genomic region in 15 Plasmopara halstedii populations of different pathotype and geographic origin. Samples revealed uniformity in a ca. 790 Bp fragment comprising
of the ITS-1, 5.8S and front parts of the ITS-2. In contrast, clear differences were found in a ca. 810 Bp fragment of the
ITS-2 thus allowing differentiation between populations of pathotype 100, 310 and 330 and a group of populations representing
pathotypes 700, 701, 703, 710 and 730. Samples of pathotypes 700 to730 originated from Slovakia, France, and Germany, but
were uniform in both ITS sequence parts, thus indicating very recent origin of these highly aggressive physiological races.
The potential use of ITS sequences for pathotype differentiation and phylogenetic studies in P. halstedii is discussed. 相似文献
46.
Suppressive effect of liquid potassium silicate on powdery mildew of strawberry in soil 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Takeshi Kanto Akihiro Miyoshi Takuya Ogawa Kazumasa Maekawa Masataka Aino 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2006,72(3):137-142
A soil drench of soluble silicon (liquid potassium silicate) was tested for the control of powdery mildew of strawberry in
soil for 2 years in a vinyl house under growers' conditions on two cultivars: very susceptible Toyonoka and slightly susceptible
Sachinoka. Soluble silicon suppressed the disease more effectively as a preventive control than as a control to reduce initial
incidence. The suppressive effect against this disease was more effective for Toyonoka than for Sachinoka. The control value
of soluble potassium silicate was 85.6% for Toyonoka in the first year and 60.2% in the second year, while for Sachinoka it
was 58% in the first year and 40.6% in the second year. Strawberry leaf hardness was measured for the control and silicate-treated
leaves. Although silicate-treated leaves seemed to be harder than control leaves, leaf hardness did not vary significantly
between controls and silicate-treated leaves in either of the 2 years, and the mode of preventive action of liquid potassium
silicate remains unknown. A factor other than a physical action may be involved. 相似文献
47.
Aleš Lebeda Michaela Sedlářová James Lynn David A. C. Pink 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2006,115(4):431-441
Phenotypic and histological responses of cultivated lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and wild relatives L. saligna, L.␣virosa as well as interspecific crosses derived from L. sativa × L. serriola to two races of Bremia lactucae (CS2, CS9) were investigated. With the exception of L. sativa genotypes, all accessions and hybrids expressed incomplete or complete resistance to both pathogen races, with slight differences at seedling and adult plant stages, respectively. Histological features of the interactions (development of pathogen infection structures and host hypersensitive response to attempted infection) were studied on leaf discs 48 h after inoculation. Interactions with similar phenotypic expression of resistance were characterized by significant variation in rate of development of pathogen infection structures and hypersensitive reactions. Differences found within eight Lactuca spp. accessions and hybrids challenged by two distinct pathogen races are interpreted and discussed. 相似文献
48.
四种杀菌剂对金银花白粉病的防治效果及对金银花品质的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用随机区组试验比较四种杀菌剂对金银花白粉病的防治效果,用高效液相色谱法测定各处理样品的绿原酸含量,以筛选出符合金银花规范化种植需要的药剂。结果表明,施药后14天以15%三唑酮600倍液防治效果最好,达77.8%,其次是15%三唑酮1200倍、50%多菌灵500倍液处理,防治效果分别为75.7%和70.8%,极显著地高于3%中生菌素500和1000倍及2%农抗1201000倍液处理的防效。2%农抗120500倍液的防治效果达60.3%,与前三种处理差异不显著,显著好于后三种处理,但未达极显著水平。15%三唑酮1200倍防治处理的绿原酸含量最高,达1.683%,其次是50%多菌灵500倍处理,绿原酸含量达1.539%,符合《中华人民共和国药典》要求,可作为金银花规范化管理中白粉病防治优先采用的药剂。 相似文献
49.
地面高光谱和低空遥感监测小麦白粉病初探 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
利用手持式高光谱仪和基于数字技术的低空遥感系统,对不同严重度小麦白粉病冠层光谱反射率进行了测定,同时调查病情指数,分析不同时期地面平台光谱反射率与病情指数及低空遥感平台反射率与病情指数(disease index,DI)、归一化植被指数(normalized difference vegetable index,NDVI)相关性。结果表明,地面光谱测量冠层光谱反射率和低空遥感数字图像反射率与小麦白粉病病情指数在灌浆期有显著的相关关系,就地面测量结果而言,近红外波段的相关性高于绿光波段,相关系数分别为0.79和0.54;低空遥感数字图像红、绿、蓝三波段中,相关性依次降低,相关系数分别为0.79、0.75和0.62;而且低空遥感图像与归一化植被指数也存在较好的相关关系,蓝、红、绿波段,相关系数依次为0.70、0.68和0.54。这表明利用遥感非破坏性监测小麦白粉痛有着良好的应用前景,对于小麦白粉病发生面积监测有重要意义。 相似文献
50.
Andreas Kofoet Mathias Fink 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2007,117(4):369-381
Epidemics of Peronospora parasitica are strongly affected by temperature and air moisture, and the interaction of these factors. Because a significant percentage
of radish plants are grown in greenhouses, it may be possible to influence epidemics by altering the greenhouse climate. The
objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that epidemics of P. parasitica can be modelled by the effects of air temperature and moisture in the greenhouse. Such a model could then be used to analyse
greenhouse climate control strategies with regard to managing downy mildew. Five radish crops were grown under greenhouse
conditions with set-points for heating and ventilation intended to obtain favourable conditions for disease development during
the first part of the growing cycle. Subsequent to this first phase, unfavourable conditions were set until harvest. Disease
incidence was measured once a week until the radishes reached marketable size. In addition, experiments were carried out in
growth chambers in which inoculated plants were subjected to air temperatures between 8 and 27°C, and disease incidence and
sporulation intensity were measured. Data from these two experiments were then used to estimate model parameters. In this
model, the interactions of air temperature (T) and water vapour saturation deficit (SD) were adequately described by a multiplicative
relationship. The simulated epidemics by the fitted model were highly correlated with the observed epidemics (r = 0.91, R
2 = 0.83, n = 29). Parameter estimates indicated that T of ca. 20°C and SD < 0.03 hPa resulted in the highest rates of disease development
and that the rate was zero when SD > 2.0 hPa. Both experimental data and simulations showed that epidemics of P. parasitica can be effectively controlled by managing the greenhouse climate. 相似文献